Hello, Android Third Edition 74
eldavojohn writes "The third edition of Hello, Android brings the book up to date on Android versions from 1.5 to 2.2 (FroYo). The book is predominantly tied to the Eclipse editing environment with several pages devoted to screen shots of the IDE. As the title suggests, this book aims to give the user the equivalent of a "Hello, world!" application in Android and succeeds in doing that but doesn't take the reader much further. From creating a sudoku application with increasing support to dabbling in OpenGL ES, the book's prime audience are people who know a little Java (with no aversion to Eclipse) and XML but absolutely no Android. You can find the source for all the examples." Keep reading for the rest of eldavojohn's review.
The first aspect of this book that jumps out at me is that it assumes the user is using Eclipse — even late in the book like on page 231, an entire page is a screenshot of the project creation wizard in Eclipse. While this might be helpful for initiates to Eclipse, it seemed like a bit of overkill at times when actions in Ecipse are revisited throughout the brief book. For example that same screenshot with different options checked can be found engulfing page 10. "If you don't want to use Eclipse (there's one in every crowd)" says the author on page 4 before referring the reader to Android's command line reference. It gets to the point that when Burnette is going to sign his app at the end, he uses an Eclipse wizard. | Hello, Android: Introducing Google's Mobile Development Platform | |
| author | Ed Burnette |
| pages | 300 |
| publisher | The Pragmatic Programmers |
| rating | 8/10 |
| reviewer | eldavojohn |
| ISBN | 978-1934356562 |
| summary | An introduction to creating several kinds of basic Android Mobile Applications; a "Hello World" primer for Android. |
The second aspect of this book that jumped out at me is that Android apps are written by extending Java classes and utilizing a very verbose XML. So between the overridden class methods and the layout meta data in the XML, there is a lot of code consuming vertical space in the book. Ellipses are provided to avoid redundancy in some instances but in others it seems there is no avoiding the space consumption. A strength of the book is that, when possible, it shows how to do something simple in both XML and Java and gives reasoning for picking a certain way the rest of the book.
The chapters are laid out with brief introductions and "Fast-Forwards" at the end of each chapter that try to push the user past this Hello, Android introduction to complex concepts. The book is well divided with part one (chapters 1 and 2) providing instructions for setting up your emulator and the basics of Android like a state transition diagram showing how all Android applications transition through Java methods in a life cycle. Part two (chapters 3 through 6) builds the sudoku application with increasing support. Part three (chapters 7 through 10) focus on more complex aspects of Android like device sensors, SQLite and OpenGL. The fourth and final section delves into the future of multi-touch on Android, writing for all resolutions and devices as well as publishing to the Android Market. Throughout the book the author takes care to to mention when you will need to put in a permissions requirement in the manifest file when utilizing something on the device.
In creating the sudoku application, Burnette does a good job at introducing the reader to some basic concepts like procedural designing versus declarative designing and Dips versus Sps. The author introduces the automatically managed R.java file and the first extension of android.app.Activity with a good explanation of how we're going to add menus from XML strings. This chapter nicely sets up the sudoku game to have an opening screen, a settings menu, a theme and exiting the game. It is lengthy but introduces the reader to click listeners as well as explicit information about how to debug. Android 2.2 adds a cute debug level of Log.wtf() which stands for "What a Terrible Failure."
Following that chapter, the author delves into some basic two dimensional graphical capabilities involving extending View in order to manipulate the canvas object inside onDraw. The chapter sums up drawables and gives a short example of text in a circle before returning to the graphics in our sudoku application. Burnette shows explicitly how to draw the game board and give it a nice embossed effect, how to add and center numbers in each of their cells, how to override key events to bring up an input screen with only valid numbers and how to continuously update the game screen. The chapter even goes as far as showing you how to shade the squares in order to give hints to the user. One thing I did not care for in this chapter (and something that persists through the rest of the book) is that the author has no qualms with calling a method in code (like calculateUsedTiles on page 68) and not defining what it does or how it works until the end of the chapter twenty pages later. Given that its signature is descriptive and it's not key to understanding Android, it's probably the best way to teach but left me doing a lot of page flipping since I like understanding apps from the bottom up. Something else to note about this chapter is that the author mentions on page 70 that he experienced "many false starts" of trying different approaches like multiple ImageView classes in XML before finding the fastest and easiest way of having only one view. There's just a couple paragraphs on this in a side box but I really wish the author had expanded on this as it sounds like a vital part of the learning Android process.
What good is a phone app without some sound? Chapter five covers Android's MediaPlayer which Burnette calls "a fickle beast" although it improves with each release of Android. The chapter also touches on playing video in Android which takes just a few lines of code. The author helps the reader by continually explaining what happens in Android when the device is rotated (in these examples the video restarts since the app is recreated). He explains how to avoid this several different ways. He also discusses why using a background service for music isn't a great idea if you intend the music to end when your program ends. By the end of the chapter, you've got some music for your sudoku app.
The next chapter very briefly covers local data storage. This is not the SQLite chapter but rather the PreferenceActivity API as well as the instance state stored via the Bundle in Android's application stack. The author doesn't spend a lot of time on these and wraps the chapter up with a brief description of accessing the internal file system as well as an external SD card.
The seventh chapter covers the need for a browser capability inside your Android application. At first I thought this would be very rarely used (you've already got a web browser) but the author points out that when you need some ability past basic text views, you might opt instead to provide that file through a lean web browser in Android as opposed to a basic test viewer. The author argues this isn't as crazy as it seems because you don't want to waste your time enhancing a text view with more and more functionality when the web browser can do that already. So you get a wrapper around WebKit that allows you to add another view to your application resulting in a browser. Should this connect to the internet, the author explains how to ask for permission to do so and how to access those pages inside your application. The next part of the chapter is probably going to put a lot of security minded folks on edge and the author makes sure to explain very carefully that allowing JavaScript to call Java can be dangerous. So internal to the WebView class, the author demonstrates JavaScript in the web browser invoking your method in Android (and vice versa). Finally the chapter covers the intricacies of interfacing with web services. What the author did really well in this section was discuss his methods of how he came about adding millisecond delays to accommodate the user. The other great thing that makes this chapter so lengthy is that the author introduces threads both through ExecutorService and Handler.
Chapter eight covers GPS and other sensors your device might have that are supported through the latest Android API. The author takes care to understand how you need to setup your emulator if you are testing this on your computer and discusses listening for updates from sensors as well as interpreting that data. Unsurprisingly, the Android API has a MapActivity class to extend for applications that wish to impose data onto a map. I feel the author could have spent more time on the more novel sensor types that are becoming prevalent in cell phones but the GPS and maps might be adequate for an introductory book.
The ninth chapter is an introduction to SQLite in Android. Android supports other data storage solutions like db4o but the author sticks to SQLite and covers all SQL relational database aspects up to a simple cursor. It's done very well and anyone with a little knowledge of SQL should be able to create, modify and update tables inside Android applications with this chapter. A very interesting thing about this chapter is that it covers how to implement inter-process communication by way of a content provider. Android utilizes URIs that programmers can define to provide a framework for storage. The book is mediocre at describing both SQLite and ContentProviders in this chapter although I felt like the ContentProvider has enough material to deserve its own chapter — even in an introductory book. I personally feel it would be interesting to consider a chapter devoted to defining a content provider with reuse by a community intended. We get an EVENTS and EVENTS_ID example but I feel this falls short of the real beauty of ContentProviders.
The next chapter is a venture into three dimensional graphics in OpenGL ES (embedded systems). Twenty pages isn't a lot of space to work with when you're discussing OpenGL but this is a good basic introduction that leaves the reader with the means to do very basic OpenGL. The chapter starts off with some good fundamentals but also carefully explains that your devices might not have 3D hardware. The API is still there but the lag might be intolerable. The author thanks John Carmack for "single-handedly" saving us from Direct3D and starts off on the very verbose code of OpenGL. In it, there are great explanations on some basic options like ambient, diffuse and specular lighting as well as discussions of fixed versus floating point. Several pages later we have a transparent rotating cube with an Android image for a surface.
Chapter eleven is devoted to the buggiest part of Android: multi-touch. A side note titled "Warning: Multi-bugs Ahead" warns the reader about how problematic the following code is going to be and how it might perform differently on different quality of hardware. As Burnette builds out the image viewing application it's a lot of similar code to view an image with the new stuff revolving around debugging logs to give the reader key insight into how the author's phone interpreted his multi-touch interactions. Dragging and pinching are covered to zoom and move the image in the viewer and seems simple enough with the exception of bugs.
Twelve will show you how to build widgets and implement live wallpapers. To a lot of developers this chapter might be a turn off but to a lot of people looking to make money with Android, this seemed like the fastest route. The example just displays a semi-transparent "Hello World!" string but it is then demonstrated how an overriding the update allows you to put date or whatever else you might need to display. The live wallpaper seemed to me like the perfect way to drain the battery on a phone. Although more complicated than the widget, the chapter covers extending the Engine class to provide a drawing engine that will redraw the background — even with our OpenGL code from a previous chapter that the author then implements. The author really goes the distance on the live wallpaper, even explaining how to extend the surface of your wallpaper so that when you transition to another part of your space it slides the rotating cube. For better or for worse, you too can have a continuous rendering of OpenGL code for your home screen!
Chapter thirteen addresses the "fragmentation" issue that so many people have been criticizing Android for. It discusses declaring and demanding an API version as well as building different emulators out on your computer in order to run your application (although earlier in the book, the author heavily criticized the emulator as being terribly slow compared to the real hardware and I experienced the same thing with my Motorolla DROID). The author does a great job of discussing the unfortunately lengthy and complicated process of preparing your software for all hardware. From subclassing to reflection to delegation/factory, he analyzes each one and explains the strengths and weaknesses. If you're having problems with your application across hardware, this chapter is a great starting point. In the next piece of this chapter, the author calls out the Android API on a bug in the ImageView class that prevents the setImageMatrix from working in some cases (this is from 1.5 and has since been fixed). For those of you who are seriously dependent on Android, the author describes in detail his five steps in discovering and addressing this bug with the final step being a peak at the commit comments to the source tree. It's good to see an author doing legwork like this and telling the story but it's also a little unnerving to see the bug. Nevertheless, I applaud the author on this frank discussion. The final parts of this chapter are spent addressing screen size (an increasing issue with tablets) and installation by way of the SD card (something that can be auto or preferred).
The final chapter addresses publishing to the Android market and provides some actually really good insight into how one should approach this and how to interact with your user community. I'd like to note a couple things that the author lists as lessons learned. The first I found interesting was "you can make a paid app free, but you can't make a free app paid." What that means is if you publish something as free and then you update the app to move a piece of what was one free functionality to requiring payment, the backlash might destroy your app's user base. The other thing is something I flat out don't agree with: "If possible, I suggest you perform frequent updates, every two weeks or so." He claims it makes users happy and gives them a feeling of support as well as bumping it up to the top of the recently updated apps in the Market. I personally find it annoying and if I have an app that I use infrequently that frequently requests updates, I uninstall it. Case in point for me is TuneWiki Social Media Player. It seemed every other week that app was requiring an update and since I used it seldom, it was promptly uninstalled. I don't know if I'm alone in this sentiment but I found this chapter to be very insightful with the exception to that suggestion.
The appendices of this book were actually fairly interesting. I didn't know what the subset of the current Android app was for the Java Standard Edition 5.0 library. You can find a list of packages that will be unavailable to you like much of javax. The author also gives great pointers like try to avoid the expensive reflection no matter how elegant it might be for you.
This book is well written with only a few minor editing mistakes. It has a lot of illustrations which are often Eclipse screen shots. While some aspects of this book might alienate a few users, it is a great learning tool for its intended audience. I found it to be "okay" for my needs but perhaps was geared a bit more towards a more novice programmer.
You can purchase Hello, Android: Introducing Google's Mobile Development Platform from amazon.com. Slashdot welcomes readers' book reviews -- to see your own review here, read the book review guidelines, then visit the submission page.
Re: (Score:2, Funny)
To be honest.. Java, XML and Eclipse sound like a horrible platform for development. Eclipse itself isn't ready for enterprise development - it's mostly a free tool to teach students Java programming.
Sorry, where have you been the last decade?
Re:Android... moronic posts. (Score:2)
>The real companies are busy making their employees post uninformed, moronic posts on Slashdot.
Please see my next post in this thread for example.
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I disagree that your last statement is true from the user's point of view. Having used both iOS and Android, I can honestly say I see no differences that would cause me to favor iOS over Android. There are, however, things that Android has that iOS doesn't (such as the notification tray). Not to mention, of course, the ability to use whatever apps I choose, which iOS will never have. iOS is a decent enough option, but imo it isn't bringing anything to the table that Android doesn't.
That may well hold true f
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iOS is a decent enough option, but imo it isn't bringing anything to the table that Android doesn't.
Maybe from a developer point of view (or development platform/programming language pov) - however let me tell you that iOS brings one thing to the table a lot better than Android, and that is a proper user interface. Maybe this is just a question of rearranging buttons, actions, whatever, but for now Apple does the job a lot better than Google. I have an Android phone, and there are so many situations where I'm confused at what button to press. Especially the back-button is confusing. When the (touchscreen)
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I have found the UI to be extremely consistent throughout all of my Android apps. You really don't know what to expect from backspace on the keyboard, back on the phone, and new line/enter? That's a shortcoming in you, not Android.
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Eclipse is a decent tool, but infuriating sometimes. On Windows, I tried installing it, and it just would exit, no error code, no anything. So, I use it on a Mac. I'd love to see NetBeans pushed forward as a steady IDE with hooks for the Dalvik VM and development there.
As for Android, I am sure multi-touch will get fixed. It is likely one reason it has lagged behind is because Apple is sitting there with its legions of lawyers who will sue anybody into the ground who shows 2+ finger controls on anything
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Activesync on Android certainly in encrypted using SSL. Youre complaining about local mail storage, which is a real concern but is far from saying "lack of encryption for Exchange."
Also, remote wiping is built into the Activesync protocol and has been since Exchange 2003 SP2 (October 2005). The issue with it is that certain phone/OS manufacturers decided not to support that part of the spec. Those third party apps aren't adding the feature to the protocol, they are adding what Google and others should ha
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I agree that VS is a fine development environment and c# is a reasonable language, but eclipse is also a fine development environment and java superior to c# in many ways, even if a bit clunkier at times. XML is annoying, and the worst standardized markup language except all the ones that came before it.
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S-expression [wikipedia.org] came before XML and IMHO they are superior in every way
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It was intended as something of a joke, referencing the Churchill quote.
But yes, something like an s-expression would be much more compact. But it would replace closing tag hell with closing parenthesis hell, and while I prefer that hell, I don't think many others would.
Technically I do not think parenthesis are appropriate, linguistically, the contents of a parenthetic enclosure can be omitted without changing the meaning of an expression. When viewed as a collection, parenthesis typically represents a mul
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(that can be represented as <> for standard keyboards)
forgot to use html escapes for the symbols.
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I agree about the chevron and I may have given this way to much thought too, since for all practical purpose we are stuck in XML closing tag hell
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java superior to c# in many ways
That is interesting. Do you mean the language (in which case it doesn't make any sense whatsoever), or the libraries? If the latter, can you give some specific examples?
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I mostly mean the differences between the JVM and CLR. Java does have more accurate libraries for math though.
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I mostly mean the differences between the JVM and CLR.
It is still an interesting topic to discuss. JVM beats CLR on optimizations (which does not always equate performance, though), but CLR is waaay ahead on features, so it's not all that clear-cut.
Re:Android (Score:5, Insightful)
... Java makes everything isolated, horrible to develop to different versions (your old Android phone doesn't have the latest Java? Too bad, you're out of luck) and forcing the use of XML....
You clearly don't know anything about Android development. Android doesn't rely on Java versions... everything is tied to the Android release. When you code, you can select which APIs you want based on which platform you want to develop for. Want to develop for every android phone every made? Select Android 1.5 APIs. Need something extra (a lot was provided in 1.5 though)? Then select 1.6, 2.1, 2.2, or 2.3. Google provides clear charts of user base, so its easy to know what you're in for.
Also, for XML, I'm less familiar, but isn't the whole point of XML that it is a good general purpose markup language? XML is only used for arranging visual elements on screen - for layout. Web developers will be extremely used to this. I'm used to C# and visual studio's graphical drag and drop interface, so the XML part has held me up, but I don't consider myself a real programmer, so I don't fault android just because I didn't get it right away.
You also drag on multi-touch being crappy on Android, but that's bullshit. I have a Nexus One, and even with an inferior touchpanel driver (everyone uses the much better ATMEL chips now) my Nexus One multitouch performs flawlessly for everything except rotation, which the Nexus One's hardware is to blame for - most every phone made in the last 10 months features the better chips that track fingers even if the axes cross.
So clearly, Android isn't what's faulty if you have multitouch issues, since the OS is quite capable of preforming nicely. You claim to have an HTC Android phone, but that doesn't mean much - for all we know you still have the 2 year old G1. It was never designed for multi touch, so I wouldn't be blown away if it wasn't perfect. The Nexus One was the first Android phone to get multi-touch (Google, it seemed, finally got over the litigation fears), and every reasonable android device after the Nexus One has had great multitouch (I've tried quite a few - Incredible, Droid 2, Droid X, Tmobile G2).
Stop spreading FUD. You don't even know what you're talking about. Yes, some android phones can be crappy. That's the nature of a free OS. It does put extra burden on the consumers to pick a good phone, and sometimes that is bad. Apple's idea of "one phone, it's decent" has a lot of value, but there are plenty of people who want a bigger screen, physical keyboard, etc and just can't use the one iDevice jobs has honed. WP7 is great for allowing multiple devices, but just because Microsoft does something good doesn't mean Android has failed or is terrible. Android is a great platform.
-Taylor
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XML is only used for arranging visual elements on screen - for layout.
No, XML is a powerful data interchange language too.
Think of the old .INI files. XML can be used like those.
Think of RSS feeds. Hardly just "layout". XML is used for those.
I'm not a huge fan of XML for data exchange (I prefer JSON if possible), but it is fairly readable. Check out the wikipedia article [wikipedia.org] for more info.
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XML is only used for arranging visual elements on screen - for layout.
No, XML is a powerful data interchange language too.
Think of the old .INI files. XML can be used like those.
Think of RSS feeds. Hardly just "layout". XML is used for those.
I'm not a huge fan of XML for data exchange (I prefer JSON if possible), but it is fairly readable. Check out the wikipedia article [wikipedia.org] for more info.
Ah, yes but I was talking about specifically in android. That Android isn't some frankenstein mixture of XML and Java like the OP sort of implied ("Java, XML and Eclipse sound like a horrible platform for development"), but that the XML is being used just for layout, and is basically being used just like CSS, so its straightforward.
I know XML has other uses and have considered it for a variety of machine readable things I've done, but I think in android they only use it for layout. Actually, I remember now
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WOW !!!
what an ms shill you are
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Extremely professional? What does that even mean? Professional is one of the most meaningless labels to apply to a programmer. It would apply perfectly well to some idiot working for a Fortune 500 company sitting in a cubicle relying on wizards to get them through their day as it would to John Carmack.
And do you really have that much trouble moving between C# and Java? They are roughly equivalent with Java's biggest problem being Oracle. They are far more similar than they are different.
The big problem with
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Yeah and they got rid of THACO and the Armor Class rules are fricking backwards! HIGHER armor is better?
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Not quite ;) http://developer.android.com/guide/tutorials/hello-world.html [android.com]
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Troll? I may be a karma whore, but I'm no troll. And tell me who modded this down... I've got 15 mod points to burn, and ...
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In this case, you either *were* trolling, or else you didn't RTFA. Your respondents assumed the latter, and your moderator(s) assumed the former.
It is clear from the review that it contains more than just a hello world app (OpenGL ES, SQLite, Sudoku, and multi-touch to name a few.)
Since there isn't a "-1 Didn't RTFA" mod option, I think "-1 Troll" is an acceptable substitute. :) At least, that's how I'd meta-moderate it, if asked.
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Whatever. It's called sarcasm, which is a linguistic construct you are evidently unable or unwilling to take the time to comprehend, regardless of your UID.
The immediately following post takes the same view as me (or anyone with a sense of humor, or an IQ above 100)-- the summary is terrible, because it says exactly that the book tells you how to write "Hello World," and a poor summary that is contradicted by the article is STUPID.
Otherwise, having been here for well over a decade, I'm pretty much
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No response from UID 125? Hmm. Let's do this again.
I did RTFA. The summary sucks. The summary is misleading and downright pathetic.
I made a smart-ass comment about it.
-1, "I don't like your opinion" is not one of the options. Under current conditions, things do not "work out." People who post pointed, dissenting opinions will get modded down consistently.
Of course, all one needs to do to restore karma in return, is post better stupid jokes at the top of threads-- just being careful that they don'
Good review, bad summary (Score:5, Informative)
"this book aims to give the user the equivalent of a "Hello, world!" application in Android and succeeds in doing that but doesn't take the reader much further"
From the review, the book does the following:
1. Hello World
2. Create a Sudoku game
3. Play video and audio using Android MediaPlayer
4. Add music to previously mentioned Sudoku
5. PreferenceActivity API
6. WebKit wrapper for displaying HTML content
7. Android sensor types (GPS, accelerometer, and so on)
8. SQLite on Android
9. OpenGL ES
10. Multitouch on Android
11. Widgets and live wallpapers
12. Analysis of platform fragmentation
13. Android Marketplace
How is that not "much further" than a Hello World app? That sounds like most of the information an Android developer needs.
Re:Good review, bad summary (Score:4, Interesting)
Also, the book "only" really talks about developing in Eclipse. I mean, there are at least 50,000 other possible editors/IDEs. Why not talk about each of those too? The reviewer has quite a few personal beefs it would seem. Google provides the most support, easiest setup, etc for Eclipse. So, for one new to Android, that makes good sense to start with Eclipse. Any programmer worth a couple nickels should be able to translate what they learn to other IDEs.
I found a funny item of note on Amazon's page. In the "Formats" section, I clicked the plus for other formats. The previous edition (2009) can be bought new from $976.98. I'll jump on that!
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Sounds like this is the first time you've ever written software?
Re:Android is a Pain in the Ass to Code for (Score:4, Insightful)
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The book is less than 19$.
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Hardly. I set everything up on my EeePC (Atom 1.6GHz CPU, 2GB RAM, WinXP). It takes a bit to start up, but it was certainly workable when I had a video card go out on my main PC. Just follow the Eclipse setup howto Google provides and it worked just fine.
just in time for Gingerbread (Score:1, Troll)
The third edition of Hello, Android brings the book up to date on Android versions from 1.5 to 2.2 (FroYo)
Perfect. Just in time for gingerbread, which just hit the market a few weeks ago with the Nexus S.
Doing a reset on my phone (trying to cure a number of problems, like not being able to type from the homescreen to start a search, and general ass-slow performance) a few days ago showed the sad state of affairs of the Android platform. Virtually none of the installed applications, including a number
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Hell, even my system preferences changed; I started getting notifications about open Wifi points (had been disabled), my screen brightness changed, etc.
Since when does (or should) a 'factory reset' preserve your personal customizations to the system settings? That seems a bit counter productive, really.
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The GP expected his settings to be backed up in the cloud. I also thought this to be true. Resetting the phone (which doesn't reset the hardware id numbers) should restore from the cloud, no?
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Thanks Captain Obvious! (Score:2)
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Android 3 already? (Score:2)
I thought it wasn’t due till 2011... [wikipedia.org]
(Yeah, I know. Just pointing it out... I thought the headline was pretty misleading.)
300 pages? (Score:2)
Three hundred pages to cover a "hello world" app and not "take the reader much further?"
Good lord, there must be a better programming platform for android than this. For comparison, the entirety of K&R is only 274 pages!
Re:300 pages? (Score:4, Funny)
Three hundred pages to cover a "hello world" app and not "take the reader much further?"
It's actually "Hello World", greeting each of the 7 Billion people individually.
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I wish I could mod you up.
Thanks (Score:3)
Book is the wrong medium (Score:2)
I've given up on keeping track as to how many versions of Android are now in the wild, but I think the number is equal to the number of greedy bastard, lock-down, carrier CEOs.